
GATE RA Conquest Book
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The knowledge of all things is possible.
Leonardo da Vinci
Common Section
Engineering Mathematics: (i) Linear Algebra: Matrices, transpose, determinant, rank, eigenvalues and eigenvec-
tors, trace, adjoint, solutions to system of linear equations. (ii) Calculus: Functions of a single variable, limit, continuity,
diļ¬erentiability, mean value theorems, indeterminate forms, evaluation of deļ¬nite and improper integrals, double and triple
integrals, partial derivatives, total derivative, Taylor series (in one and two variables), maxima and minima, gradient, di-
vergence and curl, vector identities. (iii) Diļ¬erential Equations: First-order equations (linear and nonlinear), higher-order
linear diļ¬erential equations with constant coeļ¬cients, Euler-Cauchy equation, initial and boundary value problems, Laplace
transforms, solutions of heat, wave, and Laplaceās equations, Fourier series. (iv) Probability and Statistics: Axioms of prob-
ability, conditional probability, mean, median, mode, standard deviation, random variables, expectation, binomial, Poisson,
normal distributions, hypothesis testing, Probability Density Function (PDF), Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF).
(v) Numerical Methods: Solutions of linear algebraic equations, solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, integration by
trapezoidal and Simpsonās rules, ļ¬nite diļ¬erences, explicit single and multi-step methods for diļ¬erential equations.
Basics of Mechatronics: (i) Network Elements: Ideal voltage and current sources, dependent sources, R, L, C,
M elements. Network Solution Methods: Kirchoļ¬ās laws (KCL, KVL), Node and Mesh analysis. Network Theorems:
Theveninās theorem, Nortonās theorem, Superposition, Maximum Power Transfer theorem. Transient and AC Networks:
Transient response of DC and AC networks, sinusoidal steady-state analysis, resonance, two-port networks, balanced three-
phase circuits, complex power, power factor in AC circuits. (ii) Digital Circuits: Boolean algebra. Combinational Circuits:
multiplexers, encoders, decoders. Sequential Circuits: sequential circuits, ļ¬ip-ļ¬ops, counters. (iii) Sensors: Resistive sen-
sors, capacitive sensors, inductive sensors, piezoelectric sensors, Hall eļ¬ect sensors, associated signal conditioning circuits.
Transducers for Industrial Instrumentation: displacement (linear and angular), velocity, acceleration, force, torque, pres-
sure. (iv) Actuators: Principles of operation, performance, torque-speed characteristics of hydraulic actuators, pneumatic
actuators, DC motors, stepper motors, servo motors. (v) Engineering Mechanics: Free-body diagrams, equilibrium, fric-
tion and its applications, rolling friction, belt-pulley, trusses and frames, kinematics and dynamics of rigid bodies in plane
motion. (vi) Programming: Flowcharts and pseudo code; Programming in Python: data types, operators, expressions,
conditional statements (if, elif, else, case), looping statements (while, for), loop control statements (break and continue),
functions, arrays, dictionary, strings, recursion. (vii) Data Structures: Stack, queue, linked list, binary search tree, binary
heap, graph.
Principles of Rob otics and Automation: Robotic Classiļ¬cation: serial and parallel manipulators, geometrical
conļ¬guration, Links and joints, Coordinate systems and degrees-of-freedom, Rotation matrices in 2D and 3D, homoge-
neous transformations, forward kinematics. Robot Applications: point-to-point and continuous path control, types of
end-eļ¬ectors, robot accuracy and repeatability. Computer Integrated Manufacturing: Automation in Manufacturing, Pro-
grammable Logic Controllers (PLCs) in manufacturing, Automated material handling systems, Automated storage and
retrieval systems, Automated identiļ¬cation, detection and capture systems, computer numerical control, Basics of single
and multi-axis positioning systems, Basics of concurrent design and manufacturing planning for automation.
Electrical Engineering
Analog Circuits and Embedded Systems: Analog Filters: low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-reject. Ampliļ¬ers:
biasing, equivalent circuit and frequency response, feedback ampliļ¬ers, operational ampliļ¬ers, characteristics and applica-
tions. oscillators. Voltage Controlled Oscillators and timers. Schmitt triggers, sample and hold circuits, Analog-to-Digital
(A/D) converters, Digital-to-Analog (D/A) converters, Switched Mode Power Supplies (SMPS). Embedded Systems: Mi-
croprocessor and microcontroller applications, components of microcontrollers, CPU, memory, I/O ports, timers, interrupt
handling, memory and input-output interfacing, basics of data acquisition systems.
Signals and Systems: Representation of continuous and discrete time signals, shifting and scaling properties, linear
time-invariant and causal systems, Fourier series representation of continuous and discrete time periodic signals, Shannonās
sampling theorem, Deļ¬nitions and properties of Fourier Transform, Laplace Transform, Z transform, R.M.S. value, average
value calculation.
Control Systems: Mathematical modeling and representation of systems, feedback principle, transfer function, Block
diagrams, Signal ļ¬ow graphs, Transient and Steady-state analysis of linear time-invariant systems. Stability analysis using:
Routh-Hurwitz, Nyquist criteria, Bode plots, Root Loci, Lag compensators, Lead compensators, Lead-Lag compensators,
P, PI and PID controllers.
Mechanical Engineering
Mechanics of Materials: Stress and strain, elastic constants, Poissonās ratio, Mohrās circle for plane stress and plane
strain, thin cylinders, shear force and bending moment diagrams, bending stresses, shear stresses, concept of shear centre,
deļ¬ection of beams, torsion of circular shafts, Eulerās theory of columns, Castiglianoās theorems, thermal stresses, strain
gauges and rosettes, testing of materials with universal testing machine, testing of hardness and impact strength.
Kinematics and Dynamics: Displacement, velocity, acceleration analysis of plane mechanisms, dynamic analysis
of linkages, gears and gear trains, balancing of reciprocating and rotating masses, gyroscope. Vibrations: free and forced
vibration of single degree of freedom systems, the eļ¬ect of damping, vibration isolation, resonance, critical speeds of shafts.
Machine Design and Computer Integrated Manufacturing: Design for static and dynamic loading, failure the-
ories, fatigue strength, the S-N diagram, principles of the design of machine elements such as, bolted, riveted and welded
joints, shafts, rolling and sliding contact bearings, brakes, clutches, springs, Basic concepts of Computer Aided Design
(CAD)/Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) and their integration tools, additive manufacturing.
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